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Ghana has made significant strides in primary education, with a net enrollment rate of 86% in 2019, up from 72% in 2009, driven by policies like Free and Compulsory Universal Basic Education (FCUBE). Approximately 4.76 million pupils were enrolled in primary schools in 2022. The country has 18,530 primary schools, and education is compulsory for children aged 4–15. Gender parity has been achieved at the primary level, and literacy rates have improved, reaching 80% in 2020 (84% for men, 75% for women). Free education initiatives since 1994 have boosted attendance, particularly in urban areas.